The Department of Nanomedicine and Biopharmaceuticals was established in 2012, relying on the National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine. The department primarily conducts research in nano drug delivery systems and strategies, new functional nanobiomedical materials, nanodiagnostics and biosensing, drug target discovery, and biopharmaceuticals. The department currently has 22 full-time faculty members, including 14 professors, among whom there is one “Ten Thousand Talents Program” leading talent, two recipients of the national outstanding youth science foundation, and seven recipients of national high-level young talent awards. The department has been approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology as an "Innovative Team for Nanomedicine Technology for Tumors." It undertakes four critical projects under the National Key R&D Program (one as chief scientist unit and three as project leader units), two projects under the National 863 Program, two central science and technology projects under the National Major New Drug Innovation Program, more than 40 projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation, and over 60 enterprise collaboration projects.

The department offers an undergraduate program in Biopharmaceuticals and master’s and doctoral programs in Biopharmaceutical Engineering under the first-level discipline of Biomedical Engineering. The undergraduate program in Biopharmaceuticals is recognized as a national first-class undergraduate program. It has been approved as a new strategic emerging industry specialty and part of the Jingchu Excellence Engineer Program.